Tooth Wear & Occlusal Disease -
Posted on 3/2/2026 by Greenway Family Dental |
 Have you ever noticed your teeth looking shorter or flatter than they used to? Maybe you've experienced sensitivity to hot or cold, or even jaw pain? These could be signs of tooth wear, a common condition that, when left unaddressed, can lead to more serious problems related to your bite, also known as "occlusion." Let's explore what tooth wear is, what causes it, and what you can do to protect your pearly whites.
What is Tooth Wear?
Tooth wear refers to the loss of tooth structure over time. This isn't just about cavities (dental caries) caused by bacteria. Instead, we're talking about physical or chemical processes that gradually erode the enamel, the hard outer layer of your teeth, and sometimes even the dentin underneath. There are several types of tooth wear, each with its own cause.
Types of Tooth Wear
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Attrition: This is tooth-to-tooth wear, often caused by grinding or clenching your teeth, a habit called bruxism. Over time, the constant friction wears down the biting surfaces of your teeth, making them flatter. |
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Abrasion: Abrasion is caused by external objects rubbing against your teeth. This can be from overzealous brushing with a hard-bristled toothbrush, using abrasive toothpaste, or even habits like chewing on pens or fingernails. |
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Erosion: Erosion is the chemical wearing away of tooth enamel by acids. These acids can come from your diet (like citrus fruits or soda), gastric reflux, or certain medical conditions. |
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Abfraction: This is a less common type of wear, thought to be caused by stress concentration on the teeth, especially around the gumline. It often presents as wedge-shaped defects. |
What is Occlusal Disease?
Occlusal disease describes problems related to the way your teeth meet when you bite down. While tooth wear can contribute to occlusal disease, it's not the only cause. A misaligned bite, missing teeth, or even poorly fitting dental restorations can also throw your occlusion off balance. Occlusal disease can manifest in a variety of ways, including:
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Jaw pain or tenderness |
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Headaches, especially in the temples |
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Clicking or popping in the jaw joint (TMJ) |
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Difficulty opening or closing your mouth fully |
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Loose or shifting teeth |
What Can Be Done?
The first step is always a comprehensive dental examination. Your dentist can identify the type and severity of tooth wear you're experiencing and assess your bite. Based on the findings, a personalized plan can be developed.
Strategies for managing tooth wear and occlusal disease may include:
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Nightguards: If bruxism is a factor, a custom-fitted nightguard can protect your teeth from grinding during sleep. |
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Dietary Changes: Reducing your intake of acidic foods and drinks can minimize erosion. |
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Improved Oral Hygiene: Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and proper brushing technique can prevent abrasion. |
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Restorative Procedures: In some cases, fillings, crowns, or onlays may be needed to rebuild lost tooth structure and restore proper bite. |
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Orthodontic Treatment: If a misaligned bite is contributing to the problem, orthodontic treatment (like braces or clear aligners) may be recommended. |
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Stress Management: Since stress can contribute to bruxism, finding healthy ways to manage stress, such as exercise or meditation, can be beneficial. |
Taking care of your teeth involves more than just preventing cavities. Recognizing and addressing tooth wear and occlusal issues early on can help you maintain a healthy, comfortable, and functional smile for years to come. Regular dental check-ups are essential for detecting these problems and developing an appropriate treatment plan.
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